---
title: And if they are not dead they are still living and ruling happily. — The Red Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: And if they are not dead they are still living and ruling happily. Who acts: heirs. A sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Enchanted Pig, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Red Fairy Book, The Enchanted Pig, sentence 210

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And if they are not dead they are still living and ruling happily.

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**Who acts:** heirs · **What happens:** not be, live, rule

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This is a sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Enchanted Pig. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (heirs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg540:12:210
# text = And if they are not dead they are still living and ruling happily.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
2	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
3	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	advcl	_	_
7	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
8	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	still	still	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	living	live	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	ruling	rule	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	conj	_	_
13	happily	happily	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | heirs *= heir* |  |  |  |  | dead *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **live** | present · progressive | heirs *= heir* |  |  |  | still |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **rule** | gerund | heirs *= heir* *not said here* |  |  |  |  | happily *property* | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 540 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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