---
title: He mounted the horse and rode on—rode and rode, until he saw standin… — The Red Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: He mounted the horse and rode on—rode and rode, until he saw standing before him a palace made of copper. Who acts: Norka. A sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Norka, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Red Fairy Book, The Norka, sentence 48

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He mounted the horse and rode on—rode and rode, until he saw standing before him a palace made of copper.

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**Who acts:** Norka · **What happens:** mount, see, stand, make · **To what, where:** horse, rode, palace

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This is a sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Norka. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Norka), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg540:13:48
# text = He mounted the horse and rode on—rode and rode, until he saw standing before him a palace made of copper.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	mounted	mount	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	rode	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	rode	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	rode	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
14	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
16	standing	stand	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	15	xcomp	_	_
17	before	before	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obl	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	palace	palace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
21	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	acl	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	copper	copper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mount** | past | Norka | the horse and rode |  | rode and rode |  |  | vn put-9.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent horse=Theme on road=Destination |
| 2 | **see** | past | Norka |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 3 | **stand** | gerund | Norka *not said here* | a palace |  |  | before Norka |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent palace=Theme before he=Destination |
| 4 | **make** | participle |  | a palace *not said here* |  |  |  | of copper | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 540 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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