---
title: By-and-by he heard a heavy tramp on the stairs, like the lumbering a… — The Red Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: By-and-by he heard a heavy tramp on the stairs, like the lumbering along of a great cannon, and then a voice like thunder cried out; Who acts: boy, voice. A sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Wonderful Growth of the Beanstalk, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause
---

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# The Red Fairy Book, Wonderful Growth of the Beanstalk, sentence 63

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By-and-by he heard a heavy tramp on the stairs, like the lumbering along of a great cannon, and then a voice like thunder cried out;

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**Who acts:** boy, voice · **What happens:** hear, cry out · **To what, where:** heavy tramp, stairs

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This is a sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Wonderful Growth of the Beanstalk. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boy, voice), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg540:16:63
# text = By-and-by he heard a heavy tramp on the stairs, like the lumbering along of a great cannon, and then a voice like thunder cried out;
1	By	by	ADP	IN	_	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	1	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	tramp	tramp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
11	on	on	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	stairs	stair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	like	like	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	lumbering	lumbering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
18	along	along	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	cannon	cannon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
25	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	30	advmod	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nsubj	_	_
28	like	like	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	thunder	thunder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	_
30	cried	cry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
31	out	out	ADP	RP	_	30	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past | boy | a heavy tramp |  | the stairs |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer tramp=Stimulus |
| 2 | **cry out** *speech: express* | past | a voice like thunder |  |  |  | then |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 540 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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