---
title: The poor boy envied those handsome young men with whom she danced so… — The Red Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: The poor boy envied those handsome young men with whom she danced so gracefully, but he did not know how little reason he had to be jealous of them. Who acts: poor boy, hair, boy, little reason. A sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Twelve Dancing Princesses, with its dependency tre
---

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# The Red Fairy Book, The Twelve Dancing Princesses, sentence 88

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The poor boy envied those handsome young men with whom she danced so gracefully, but he did not know how little reason he had to be jealous of them.

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**Who acts:** poor boy, hair, boy, little reason · **What happens:** envy, dance, not know, have, be · **To what, where:** handsome young men, little reason

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This is a sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Twelve Dancing Princesses. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (poor boy, hair, boy, little reason), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg540:2:88
# text = The poor boy envied those handsome young men with whom she danced so gracefully, but he did not know how little reason he had to be jealous of them.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	envied	envy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	those	that	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	8	det	_	_
6	handsome	handsome	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	8	nmod	_	_
11	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	danced	dance	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
13	so	so	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	gracefully	gracefully	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
16	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
17	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
18	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
19	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	20	advmod	_	_
20	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
21	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	22	advmod	_	_
22	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
24	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
25	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	acl:relcl	_	_
26	to	to	PART	TO	_	28	mark	_	_
27	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	28	cop	_	_
28	jealous	jealous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	xcomp	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **envy** | past | the poor boy | that handsome young men |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer man=Stimulus |
| 2 | **dance** | past | hair |  |  |  |  | gracefully *property* | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **not** **know** | past · do-support | boy | little reason |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer reason=Stimulus |
| 4 | **have** | past | boy | little reason *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Patient |
| 5 | **is** | to-infinitive | little reason *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of men *= man*; jealous *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 540 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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