---
title: Once upon a time there lived a King and Queen who loved each other s… — The Red Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Once upon a time there lived a King and Queen who loved each other so much that they were never happy unless they were together. Who acts: King. A sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Little Good Mouse, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Red Fairy Book, The Little Good Mouse, sentence 1

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Once upon a time there lived a King and Queen who loved each other so much that they were never happy unless they were together.

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**Who acts:** King · **What happens:** live, love, not be, be · **To what, where:** King, each

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This is a sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Little Good Mouse. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (King), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg540:22:1
# text = Once upon a time there lived a King and Queen who loved each other so much that they were never happy unless they were together.
1	Once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	6	advmod	_	_
2	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
5	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	6	advmod	_	_
6	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	King	King	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	Queen	Queen	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	loved	love	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
13	each	each	DET	DT	ExtPos=PRON|PronType=Rcp	12	obj	_	_
14	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	fixed	_	_
15	so	so	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	much	much	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
17	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
18	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
19	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
20	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	21	advmod	_	_
21	happy	happy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	advcl	_	_
22	unless	unless	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
23	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
24	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	cop	_	_
25	together	together	ADV	RB	_	12	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | past |  | a King and Queen |  | there | time | once *property* | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **love** | past |  | each |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer each=Stimulus |
| 3 | **not** **is** | past | King |  |  |  |  | happy *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **is** *a condition, not said to happen* | past | King |  |  |  |  | together *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 540 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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