---
title: The Duchess was greatly elated, and as she sat there in state would… — The Red Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: The Duchess was greatly elated, and as she sat there in state would not have wished to change places even with Graciosa. Who acts: duchess. A sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Graciosa and Percinet, part 1, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Red Fairy Book, Graciosa and Percinet, part 1, sentence 86

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The Duchess was greatly elated, and as she sat there in state would not have wished to change places even with Graciosa.

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**Who acts:** duchess · **What happens:** elate, sit, not wish, change · **To what, where:** Duchess, state, places

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This is a sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Graciosa and Percinet, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (duchess), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg540:23:86
# text = The Duchess was greatly elated, and as she sat there in state would not have wished to change places even with Graciosa.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Duchess	Duchess	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	greatly	greatly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	elated	elate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
9	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
11	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	10	advmod	_	_
12	in	in	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
13	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
15	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	17	advmod	_	_
16	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	aux	_	_
17	wished	wish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	advcl	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	change	change	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	advcl	_	_
20	places	place	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obj	_	_
21	even	even	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
22	with	with	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	Graciosa	Graciosa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **elate** | past · passive |  | the Duchess |  |  |  | greatly *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer |
| 2 | **sit** | past | duchess |  |  | there |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **not** **wish** | would · perfect · passive |  | state |  |  |  |  | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 4 | **change** | to-infinitive |  | places |  |  |  | with Graciosa | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent place=Theme with graciosa=Co-Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 540 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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