---
title: The poor old King quite trembled before her, and when she declared t… — The Red Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: The poor old King quite trembled before her, and when she declared that Graciosa was not the Princess at all, but a wicked impostor, and that if the King did not give her up at once she would go back to her own castle and never see him again, he had not a word to say, and really seemed to believe th
---

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# The Red Fairy Book, Graciosa and Percinet, part 2, sentence 59

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The poor old King quite trembled before her, and when she declared that Graciosa was not the Princess at all, but a wicked impostor, and that if the King did not give her up at once she would go back to her own castle and never see him again, he had not a word to say, and really seemed to believe that it was not Graciosa after all.

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**Who acts:** poor old King, Graciosa, King, word · **What happens:** tremble, declare, not be, not give up, go back, not see · **To what, where:** wicked impostor, Princess, all, Graciosa, King · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Graciosa and Percinet, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (poor old King, Graciosa, King, word), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg540:24:59
# text = The poor old King quite trembled before her, and when she declared that Graciosa was not the Princess at all, but a wicked impostor, and that if the King did not give her up at once she would go back to her own castle and never see him again, he had not a word to say, and really seemed to believe that it was not Graciosa after all.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	King	King	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	quite	quite	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	trembled	tremble	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	before	before	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	13	advmod	_	_
12	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	declared	declare	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
14	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
15	Graciosa	Graciosa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
16	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
17	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	19	advmod	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	Princess	princess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	xcomp	_	_
20	at	at	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
23	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
24	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	wicked	wicked	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	impostor	impostor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	42	cc	_	_
29	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	42	mark	_	_
30	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	35	mark	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	King	King	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	35	nsubj	_	_
33	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	35	aux	_	_
34	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	35	advmod	_	_
35	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	42	advcl	_	_
36	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	35	iobj	_	_
37	up	up	ADP	RP	_	35	compound:prt	_	_
38	at	at	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
39	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	42	obl	_	_
40	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	42	nsubj	_	_
41	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	42	aux	_	_
42	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
43	back	back	ADV	RB	_	42	advmod	_	_
44	to	to	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
45	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	47	nmod:poss	_	_
46	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	47	amod	_	_
47	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	obl	_	_
48	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	50	cc	_	_
49	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	50	advmod	_	_
50	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	42	conj	_	_
51	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	50	obj	_	_
52	again	again	ADV	RB	_	50	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
53	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	58	punct	_	_
54	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	58	nsubj	_	_
55	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	58	aux	_	_
56	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	58	advmod	_	_
57	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	58	det	_	_
58	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
59	to	to	PART	TO	_	60	mark	_	_
60	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	58	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
61	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	64	punct	_	_
62	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	64	cc	_	_
63	really	really	ADV	RB	_	64	advmod	_	_
64	seemed	seem	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
65	to	to	PART	TO	_	66	mark	_	_
66	believe	believe	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	64	xcomp	_	_
67	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	71	mark	_	_
68	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	71	nsubj	_	_
69	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	71	cop	_	_
70	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	71	advmod	_	_
71	Graciosa	Graciosa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	66	obl	_	_
72	after	after	ADP	IN	_	73	case	_	_
73	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	66	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
74	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tremble** | past | the poor old King | a wicked impostor |  |  | before Graciosa |  | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme before she=Location |
| 2 | **declare** *speech: other* | past | Graciosa |  |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **not** **is a** | past | Graciosa | the Princess |  | all |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **not** **give up** *a condition, not said to happen* | past · do-support | the King |  | Graciosa |  |  |  | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Source |
| 5 | **go back** | would | Graciosa |  |  |  |  |  | vn convert-26.6.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient |
| 6 | **not** **see** | infinitive | Graciosa *not said here* | King |  |  | again |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus |
| 7 | **not** **word** | past | King |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 8 | **say** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive | the poor old King *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 9 | **seem** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute |
| 10 | **believe** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  | after all |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |
| 11 | **not** **is a** | past | word | Graciosa |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 540 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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