---
title: The shop was full of people, and his chin had just been covered with… — The Red Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: The shop was full of people, and his chin had just been covered with a lather of soap, when, suddenly starting up from the chair, he called out in a loud voice: Who acts: shop, barber. A sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Voice of Death, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics 
---

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# The Red Fairy Book, The Voice of Death, sentence 42

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The shop was full of people, and his chin had just been covered with a lather of soap, when, suddenly starting up from the chair, he called out in a loud voice:

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** shop, barber · **What happens:** be, cover, start up, call out · **To what, where:** chin, chair, loud voice

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This is a sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Voice of Death. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (shop, barber), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg540:27:42
# text = The shop was full of people, and his chin had just been covered with a lather of soap, when, suddenly starting up from the chair, he called out in a loud voice:
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	chin	chin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
12	just	just	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
13	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	lather	lather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	soap	soap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
21	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	24	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	suddenly	suddenly	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
24	starting	start	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	17	acl	_	_
25	up	up	ADP	RP	_	24	compound:prt	_	_
26	from	from	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	chair	chair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
30	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj	_	_
31	called	call	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
32	out	out	ADP	RP	_	31	compound:prt	_	_
33	in	in	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
34	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
35	loud	loud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	amod	_	_
36	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the shop |  |  |  |  | of people; full *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **cover** | past · perfect · passive |  | barber's chin |  |  |  | with a lather of soap | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with lather=Theme |
| 3 | **start up** | gerund |  |  |  | the chair |  | suddenly *property* | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 4 | **call out** *speech: assert* | past | barber |  |  | a loud voice |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 540 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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