---
title: So he had fastened them to a tree and was jumping with all his might… — The Red Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: So he had fastened them to a tree and was jumping with all his might up in the air so that he should hit the two legs of the trousers as he came down. Who acts: way. A sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Six Sillies, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Red Fairy Book, The Six Sillies, sentence 37

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
So he had fastened them to a tree and was jumping with all his might up in the air so that he should hit the two legs of the trousers as he came down.

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**Who acts:** way · **What happens:** fasten, jump, hit, come down · **To what, where:** trousers, air, two legs

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Six Sillies. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (way), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg540:28:37
# text = So he had fastened them to a tree and was jumping with all his might up in the air so that he should hit the two legs of the trousers as he came down.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	fastened	fasten	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	jumping	jump	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	_
12	with	with	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
13	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	19	det:predet	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
15	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
16	up	up	ADP	RP	_	15	compound:prt	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
20	so	so	SCONJ	IN	ExtPos=SCONJ	24	mark	_	_
21	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	20	fixed	_	_
22	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
23	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
24	hit	hit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	advcl	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	27	nummod	_	_
27	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	obj	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	trousers	trousers	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	nmod	_	_
31	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	33	mark	_	_
32	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	33	nsubj	_	_
33	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	advcl	_	_
34	down	down	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fasten** | past · perfect | way | trousers |  |  |  | to a tree | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent they=Patient to tree=Co-Patient |
| 2 | **jump** | past · progressive | way *not said here* |  |  | way's air |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in air=Trajectory |
| 3 | **hit** | should | way | the two legs of the trousers |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme leg=Co-Theme |
| 4 | **come down** | past | way |  |  |  |  | down *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 540 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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