--- title: My friend Ladder, who was only waiting for these words, hastens out,… — The Red Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics description: My friend Ladder, who was only waiting for these words, hastens out, leans her two arms on the edge of the well, then Drakestail climbs nimbly on her back, and hop! he is in the yard, where he begins to sing louder than ever. Who acts: friend, Drakestail, hop. A sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by A --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg540/31/81/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Red Fairy Book](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg540/) / [Kari Woodengown, part 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg540/31/) / 81 # The Red Fairy Book, Kari Woodengown, part 3, sentence 81 My friend Ladder, who was only waiting for these words, hastens out, leans her two arms on the edge of the well, then Drakestail climbs nimbly on her back, and hop! he is in the yard, where he begins to sing louder than ever. **Who acts:** friend, Drakestail, hop · **What happens:** wait, hasten out, lean, climb, be, begin · **To what, where:** Ladder, edge, back This is a sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Kari Woodengown, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (friend, Drakestail, hop), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg540:31:81 # text = My friend Ladder, who was only waiting for these words, hastens out, leans her two arms on the edge of the well, then Drakestail climbs nimbly on her back, and hop! he is in the yard, where he begins to sing louder than ever. 1 My my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 2 nmod:poss _ _ 2 friend friend NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nsubj _ _ 3 Ladder Ladder PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 appos _ SpaceAfter=No 4 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 5 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 8 nsubj _ _ 6 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 aux _ _ 7 only only ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 8 waiting wait VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 2 conj _ _ 9 for for ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 these this DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 11 det _ _ 11 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 12 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ _ 13 hastens hasten VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 14 out out ADP RP _ 13 compound:prt _ SpaceAfter=No 15 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 16 leans lean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 conj _ _ 17 her she PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 obj _ _ 18 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 19 nummod _ _ 19 arms arm NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 obj _ _ 20 on on ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 edge edge NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obl _ _ 23 of of ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 well well NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 26 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 27 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 29 advmod _ _ 28 Drakestail Drakestail PROPN NNP Number=Sing 29 nsubj _ _ 29 climbs climb VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 conj _ _ 30 nimbly nimbly ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 31 on on ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 32 her her PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 33 nmod:poss _ _ 33 back back NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 34 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 35 and and CCONJ CC _ 42 cc _ _ 36 hop hop NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 37 ! ! PUNCT . _ 36 punct _ _ 38 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 42 nsubj _ _ 39 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 42 cop _ _ 40 in in ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 41 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 42 det _ _ 42 yard yard NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 parataxis _ SpaceAfter=No 43 , , PUNCT , _ 46 punct _ _ 44 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 46 advmod _ _ 45 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 46 nsubj _ _ 46 begins begin VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 42 acl:relcl _ _ 47 to to PART TO _ 48 mark _ _ 48 sing sing VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 46 xcomp _ _ 49 louder loud ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 48 xcomp _ _ 50 than than ADP IN _ 51 case _ _ 51 ever ever ADV RB PronType=Ind 49 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 52 . . PUNCT . _ 13 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **wait** | past · progressive | My friend | | | | | for this words | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **hasten out** | present | My friend | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 3 | **lean** | present | My friend *not said here* | Ladder | | the edge of the well | | | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Agent she=Theme arm=Destination | | 4 | **climb** | present | Drakestail | | | Ladder's back | then | nimbly *property* | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on back=Trajectory | | 5 | **is** | present | hop | | | | | in the yard | tree rules | | 6 | **begin** | present | Drakestail | | | | | | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | | 7 | **sing** *speech: express* | to-infinitive | Drakestail *not said here* | | | | | loud *property* | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 540 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 80](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg540/31/80/) - next →: [sentence 82](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg540/31/82/) - ↑ back to [Kari Woodengown, part 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg540/31/)