---
title: ‘At last,’ said the poor chap, going up the great stairs, ‘they have… — The Red Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: ‘At last,’ said the poor chap, going up the great stairs, ‘they have decided to receive me.’ Who acts: footmen. A sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Kari Woodengown, part 3, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Red Fairy Book, Kari Woodengown, part 3, sentence 91

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‘At last,’ said the poor chap, going up the great stairs, ‘they have decided to receive me.’

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**Who acts:** footmen · **What happens:** say, go up, decide, receive · **To what, where:** poor chap, last, great stairs, me · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Kari Woodengown, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (footmen), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg540:31:91
# text = ‘At last,’ said the poor chap, going up the great stairs, ‘they have decided to receive me.’
1	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	At	at	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
6	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	chap	chap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	going	go	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
12	up	up	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	stairs	stair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
19	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
20	decided	decide	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	6	conj	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	receive	receive	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	xcomp	_	_
23	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	22	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past |  | the poor chap |  | last |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent chap=Topic |
| 2 | **go up** | gerund |  | the great stairs |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient stair=Extent |
| 3 | **decide** | present · perfect | footmen *= footman* |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **receive** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | footmen *= footman* *not said here* | me |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 540 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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