---
title: Next year, when he came home again to look after his mares and the f… — The Red Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Next year, when he came home again to look after his mares and the foal, it was as fat as it could be, and its coat shone with brightness, and it was so big that the lad had the greatest difficulty in getting on its back, and each of the mares had another foal. Who acts: he, foal, coat, lad. A sente
---

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# The Red Fairy Book, The Three Dwarfs, part 2, sentence 1

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Next year, when he came home again to look after his mares and the foal, it was as fat as it could be, and its coat shone with brightness, and it was so big that the lad had the greatest difficulty in getting on its back, and each of the mares had another foal.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** he, foal, coat, lad, greatest difficulty, each · **What happens:** come, look, be, shine, have, get · **To what, where:** coat, greatest difficulty, back, foal

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Three Dwarfs, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (he, foal, coat, lad), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg540:38:1
# text = Next year, when he came home again to look after his mares and the foal, it was as fat as it could be, and its coat shone with brightness, and it was so big that the lad had the greatest difficulty in getting on its back, and each of the mares had another foal.
1	Next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	home	home	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	again	again	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
11	after	after	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	mares	mare	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	foal	foal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
19	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
20	as	as	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
21	fat	fat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	_
22	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
23	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
24	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
25	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
28	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	29	nmod:poss	_	_
29	coat	coat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nsubj:pass	_	_
30	shone	shine	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	parataxis	_	_
31	with	with	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	brightness	brightness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
35	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	38	nsubj	_	_
36	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	38	cop	_	_
37	so	so	ADV	RB	_	38	advmod	_	_
38	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	conj	_	_
39	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	42	mark	_	_
40	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
41	lad	lad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	nsubj	_	_
42	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	38	advcl	_	_
43	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
44	greatest	great	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	45	amod	_	_
45	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	obj	_	_
46	in	in	SCONJ	IN	_	47	mark	_	_
47	getting	get	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	45	acl	_	_
48	on	on	ADP	IN	_	50	case	_	_
49	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	50	nmod:poss	_	_
50	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	47	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
51	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	57	punct	_	_
52	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	57	cc	_	_
53	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	57	nsubj	_	_
54	of	of	ADP	IN	_	56	case	_	_
55	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	56	det	_	_
56	mares	mare	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	53	nmod	_	_
57	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
58	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	59	det	_	_
59	foal	foal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	57	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
60	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | he |  |  |  | again; year | home *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **look** | to-infinitive | he *not said here* |  |  |  | after his mares and the foal |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 3 | **is** | past | foal |  |  |  |  | fat *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **shine** | participle · passive |  | foal's coat |  |  |  | with brightness | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme |
| 5 | **is** | past | coat |  |  |  |  | big *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **have** | past | the lad | the greatest difficulty |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent difficulty=Patient |
| 7 | **get** | gerund | the greatest difficulty *not said here* |  |  | foal's back |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent on back=Source |
| 8 | **have** | past | each | another foal |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent foal=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 540 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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