---
title: But when he came to the mountain into which the Princess had been ca… — The Red Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: But when he came to the mountain into which the Princess had been carried, the difficulty was to ascend the precipitous wall of rock by which he was to get on to the mountain beyond, for the rock stood right up on end, as steep as a house side and as smooth as a sheet of glass. Who acts: youth, diff
---

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# The Red Fairy Book, The Three Dwarfs, part 2, sentence 36

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
But when he came to the mountain into which the Princess had been carried, the difficulty was to ascend the precipitous wall of rock by which he was to get on to the mountain beyond, for the rock stood right up on end, as steep as a house side and as smooth as a sheet of glass.

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**Who acts:** youth, difficulty, rock · **What happens:** come, carry, be, stand · **To what, where:** mountain, Princess, end

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Three Dwarfs, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (youth, difficulty, rock), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg540:38:36
# text = But when he came to the mountain into which the Princess had been carried, the difficulty was to ascend the precipitous wall of rock by which he was to get on to the mountain beyond, for the rock stood right up on end, as steep as a house side and as smooth as a sheet of glass.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
2	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	advcl	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	mountain	mountain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	into	into	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	obl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	Princess	Princess	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
13	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	carried	carry	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
18	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	ascend	ascend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	precipitous	precipitous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	wall	wall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	_
26	by	by	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	31	obl	_	_
28	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj	_	_
29	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	31	cop	_	_
30	to	to	PART	TO	_	31	mark	_	_
31	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	parataxis	_	_
32	on	on	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	_
33	to	to	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	mountain	mountain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	_
36	beyond	beyond	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
38	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	41	mark	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	nsubj	_	_
41	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	31	parataxis	_	_
42	right	right	ADV	RB	_	43	advmod	_	_
43	up	up	ADV	RB	_	41	advmod	_	_
44	on	on	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
45	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	48	punct	_	_
47	as	as	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
48	steep	steep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	41	conj	_	_
49	as	as	ADP	IN	_	52	case	_	_
50	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	52	det	_	_
51	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	52	compound	_	_
52	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	48	obl	_	_
53	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	55	cc	_	_
54	as	as	ADV	RB	_	55	advmod	_	_
55	smooth	smooth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	48	conj	_	_
56	as	as	ADP	IN	_	58	case	_	_
57	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	58	det	_	_
58	sheet	sheet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	55	obl	_	_
59	of	of	ADP	IN	_	60	case	_	_
60	glass	glass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	58	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
61	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	20	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | youth |  |  | the mountain |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to mountain=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **carry** | past · perfect · passive |  | the Princess |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | past | the difficulty |  |  |  |  | ascend *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **is** | past | youth |  |  |  |  | to the mountain; beyond, get *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **stand** | past | the rock |  |  |  | on end |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on end=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 540 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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