--- title: The youth said that the King had never told him he was to do that, a… — The Red Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics description: The youth said that the King had never told him he was to do that, and it seemed to him that he had now really earned the Princess; but the King stuck to what he had said, and if the youth were unable to do it he was to lose his life, the King said. Who acts: youth, King, it. A sentence of «The Red --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg540/38/54/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Red Fairy Book](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg540/) / [The Three Dwarfs, part 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg540/38/) / 54 # The Red Fairy Book, The Three Dwarfs, part 2, sentence 54 The youth said that the King had never told him he was to do that, and it seemed to him that he had now really earned the Princess; but the King stuck to what he had said, and if the youth were unable to do it he was to lose his life, the King said. **Who acts:** youth, King, it · **What happens:** say, not tell, be, seem, have, earn · **To what, where:** youth, King, Princess, horse · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Three Dwarfs, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (youth, King, it), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg540:38:54 # text = The youth said that the King had never told him he was to do that, and it seemed to him that he had now really earned the Princess; but the King stuck to what he had said, and if the youth were unable to do it he was to lose his life, the King said. 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 youth youth NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 that that SCONJ IN _ 9 mark _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 King King PROPN NNP Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 7 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 aux _ _ 8 never never ADV RB PronType=Neg 9 advmod _ _ 9 told tell VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 3 ccomp _ _ 10 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 iobj _ _ 11 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj _ _ 12 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 cop _ _ 13 to to PART TO _ 14 mark _ _ 14 do do VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 9 ccomp _ _ 15 that that PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 14 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 16 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 18 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 nsubj _ _ 19 seemed seem VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 ccomp _ _ 20 to to ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 21 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 obl _ _ 22 that that SCONJ IN _ 24 mark _ _ 23 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nsubj _ _ 24 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 19 advcl _ _ 25 now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 27 advmod _ _ 26 really really ADV RB _ 27 advmod _ _ 27 earned earn VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 24 advcl _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 Princess princess NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 30 ; ; PUNCT : _ 34 punct _ _ 31 but but CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 32 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 33 King King PROPN NNP Number=Sing 34 nsubj _ _ 34 stuck stick VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 35 to to ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 36 what what PRON WP PronType=Rel 34 obl _ _ 37 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 39 nsubj _ _ 38 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 39 aux _ _ 39 said say VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 36 acl:relcl _ SpaceAfter=No 40 , , PUNCT , _ 46 punct _ _ 41 and and CCONJ CC _ 46 cc _ _ 42 if if SCONJ IN _ 46 mark _ _ 43 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 44 det _ _ 44 youth youth NOUN NN Number=Sing 46 nsubj _ _ 45 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 46 cop _ _ 46 unable unable ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 34 conj _ _ 47 to to PART TO _ 48 mark _ _ 48 do do VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 53 advcl _ _ 49 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 48 obj _ _ 50 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 53 nsubj _ _ 51 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 53 cop _ _ 52 to to PART TO _ 53 mark _ _ 53 lose lose VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 46 parataxis _ _ 54 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 55 nmod:poss _ _ 55 life life NOUN NN Number=Sing 53 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 56 , , PUNCT , _ 59 punct _ _ 57 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 58 det _ _ 58 King King PROPN NNP Number=Sing 59 nsubj _ _ 59 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 34 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 60 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the youth | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **not** **tell** *speech: assert* | past · perfect | the King | | youth | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic | | 3 | **is** *not said to happen* | past | King | | | | | do *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **seem** | past | it | | King | | | | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **have** | past | King | | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **earn** | past | King *not said here* | the Princess | | | now | | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent princess=Theme | | 7 | **stick** | past | the King | | | | | | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent to what=Co-Patient | | 8 | **say** *speech: assert* | past · perfect | King | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 9 | **is** *a condition, not said to happen* | past | the youth | | | | | unable *property* | tree rules | | 10 | **do** | to-infinitive | youth *not said here* | horse | | | | | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality | | 11 | **is** | past | youth | | | | | lose *property* | tree rules | | 12 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the King | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 540 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 53](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg540/38/53/) - next →: [sentence 55](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg540/38/55/) - ↑ back to [The Three Dwarfs, part 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg540/38/)