---
title: And sometimes he looked at the tar, but at last the flames began to… — The Red Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: And sometimes he looked at the tar, but at last the flames began to rise, for wheresoever the strange horse bit or wheresoever he kicked he hit upon the spikes in the hides, and at length he had to yield. Who acts: Dapplegrim, last. A sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Three Dwarfs
---

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# The Red Fairy Book, The Three Dwarfs, part 3, sentence 11

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And sometimes he looked at the tar, but at last the flames began to rise, for wheresoever the strange horse bit or wheresoever he kicked he hit upon the spikes in the hides, and at length he had to yield.

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**Who acts:** Dapplegrim, last · **What happens:** look, begin, rise, kick, hit, have · **To what, where:** hides, length

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This is a sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Three Dwarfs, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Dapplegrim, last), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg540:39:11
# text = And sometimes he looked at the tar, but at last the flames began to rise, for wheresoever the strange horse bit or wheresoever he kicked he hit upon the spikes in the hides, and at length he had to yield.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	4	advmod	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	tar	tar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
9	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
10	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	nsubj	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	flames	flame	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
14	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	rise	rise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
18	for	for	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
19	wheresoever	wheresoever	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
21	strange	strange	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
22	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	_
23	bit	bit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl:unmarked	_	_
24	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	wheresoever	wheresoever	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	conj	_	_
26	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
27	kicked	kick	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	conj	_	_
28	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
29	hit	hit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	27	ccomp	_	_
30	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	spikes	spike	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	obl	_	_
33	in	in	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	hides	hide	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	41	cc	_	_
38	at	at	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
39	length	length	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	obl	_	_
40	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	41	nsubj	_	_
41	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	27	conj	_	_
42	to	to	PART	TO	_	43	mark	_	_
43	yield	yield	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	41	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | past | Dapplegrim |  |  |  |  | at the tar; sometimes *property* | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at tar=Theme |
| 2 | **begin** | past | last |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **rise** | to-infinitive | last *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **kick** | past | Dapplegrim |  |  |  |  | for the strange horse bit or wheresoever | tree rules |
| 5 | **hit** | past | Dapplegrim |  |  | the hides |  | upon the spikes | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **have** | past | Dapplegrim |  |  | length |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **yield** | to-infinitive | Dapplegrim *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 540 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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