---
title: First he turned himself into a horse-fly, and hid himself in Dappleg… — The Red Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: First he turned himself into a horse-fly, and hid himself in Dapplegrim’s left nostril. Who acts: Dapplegrim. A sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Three Dwarfs, part 3, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Red Fairy Book, The Three Dwarfs, part 3, sentence 40

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First he turned himself into a horse-fly, and hid himself in Dapplegrim’s left nostril.

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**Who acts:** Dapplegrim · **What happens:** turn, hide, leave · **To what, where:** Dapplegrim, left nostril

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This is a sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Three Dwarfs, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Dapplegrim), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg540:39:40
# text = First he turned himself into a horse-fly, and hid himself in Dapplegrim’s left nostril.
1	First	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	3	advmod	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	3	obj	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	fly	fly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	hid	hide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
13	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	12	obj	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
15	Dapplegrim	Dapplegrim	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	’s	's	PART	POS	_	15	case	_	_
17	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	amod	_	_
18	nostril	nostril	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | past | Dapplegrim | Dapplegrim |  |  |  | into a horse fly *result*; first *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent himself=Theme into fly=Result |
| 2 | **hide** | past | Dapplegrim *not said here* | Dapplegrim |  | Dapplegrim's left nostril |  |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent himself=Patient in nostril=Location |
| 3 | **leave** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 540 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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