---
title: He let himself slide to the earth, and lay down beside his horse, hi… — The Red Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: He let himself slide to the earth, and lay down beside his horse, his throat burning, his chest heaving, and his head going round. Who acts: adventurer, throat, head. A sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Enchanted Canary, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Red Fairy Book, The Enchanted Canary, sentence 105

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He let himself slide to the earth, and lay down beside his horse, his throat burning, his chest heaving, and his head going round.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** adventurer, throat, head · **What happens:** let, slide, lay down, burn, go round, heave · **To what, where:** adventurer, earth, chest heaving

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Enchanted Canary. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (adventurer, throat, head), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg540:40:105
# text = He let himself slide to the earth, and lay down beside his horse, his throat burning, his chest heaving, and his head going round.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	let	let	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	2	obj	_	_
4	slide	slide	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	lay	lay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
11	down	down	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
12	beside	beside	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	throat	throat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
18	burning	burn	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
21	chest	chest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	compound	_	_
22	heaving	heaving	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
25	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
27	going	go	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
28	round	round	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **let** | past | adventurer | adventurer |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **slide** | infinitive | adventurer *not said here* |  |  | the earth |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to earth=Destination |
| 3 | **lay down** | infinitive | adventurer *not said here* |  |  |  |  | beside adventurer's horse; down *property* | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent beside horse=Destination |
| 4 | **burn** | gerund | adventurer's throat | adventurer's chest heaving |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **go round** | gerund | adventurer's head |  |  |  |  | round *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **heave** |  | adventurer |  |  |  |  |  | nom heaving «event intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 540 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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