---
title: ‘Oh!’ he implored, ‘pardon my presumption; necessity alone drove me… — The Red Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: ‘Oh!’ he implored, ‘pardon my presumption; necessity alone drove me to the deed. Who acts: marriage, necessity, my. A sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Twelve Brothers, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Red Fairy Book, The Twelve Brothers, sentence 111

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‘Oh!’ he implored, ‘pardon my presumption; necessity alone drove me to the deed.

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**Who acts:** marriage, necessity, my · **What happens:** implore, pardon, drive, presume · **To what, where:** presumption, me, deed

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This is a sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Twelve Brothers. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (marriage, necessity, my), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg540:41:111
# text = ‘Oh!’ he implored, ‘pardon my presumption; necessity alone drove me to the deed.
1	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Oh	oh	INTJ	UH	_	6	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	implored	implore	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	pardon	pardon	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
10	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	presumption	presumption	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
13	necessity	necessity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
14	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
15	drove	drive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
16	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	deed	deed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **implore** | past | marriage |  |  |  |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **pardon** | infinitive | marriage *not said here* | my presumption |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent presumption=Theme |
| 3 | **drive** | past | necessity | me |  | the deed |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent i=Theme to deed=Trajectory |
| 4 | **presume** |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom presumption «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 540 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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