---
title: When the Queen heard these words she was nearly struck dumb with hor… — The Red Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: When the Queen heard these words she was nearly struck dumb with horror, for the mirror always spoke the truth, and she knew now that the Huntsman must have deceived her, and that Snowdrop was still alive. Who acts: Queen, mirror, Huntsman, Snowdrop. A sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang
---

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# The Red Fairy Book, Bushy Bride, sentence 183

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When the Queen heard these words she was nearly struck dumb with horror, for the mirror always spoke the truth, and she knew now that the Huntsman must have deceived her, and that Snowdrop was still alive.

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**Who acts:** Queen, mirror, Huntsman, Snowdrop · **What happens:** hear, strike, speak, know, deceive, be · **To what, where:** words, Queen, truth · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Bushy Bride. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Queen, mirror, Huntsman, Snowdrop), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg540:47:183
# text = When the Queen heard these words she was nearly struck dumb with horror, for the mirror always spoke the truth, and she knew now that the Huntsman must have deceived her, and that Snowdrop was still alive.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Queen	Queen	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	6	det	_	_
6	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
9	nearly	nearly	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	struck	strike	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	ccomp	_	_
11	dumb	dumb	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	xcomp	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	horror	horror	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
15	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	mirror	mirror	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
18	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	19	advmod	_	_
19	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	truth	truth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
24	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
25	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
26	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	25	advmod	_	_
27	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	32	mark	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	Huntsman	Huntsman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	nsubj	_	_
30	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	32	aux	_	_
31	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	32	aux	_	_
32	deceived	deceive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	25	advcl	_	_
33	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	40	cc	_	_
36	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	40	mark	_	_
37	Snowdrop	Snowdrop	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	40	nsubj	_	_
38	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	40	cop	_	_
39	still	still	ADV	RB	_	40	advmod	_	_
40	alive	alive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past | the Queen | this words |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **strike** | past · passive |  | Queen |  |  |  | dumb, nearly *property* | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP»: subject=Instrument |
| 3 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | the mirror | the truth |  |  |  | always *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **know** | past | Queen |  |  |  | now |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 5 | **deceive** | must · perfect | the Huntsman | Queen |  |  |  |  | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Patient |
| 6 | **is** | past | Snowdrop |  |  |  | still | alive *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 540 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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