---
title: Then the poor Dwarf was very angry, and he prayed that the gold migh… — The Red Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Then the poor Dwarf was very angry, and he prayed that the gold might never bring any but bad luck to all the men who might own it, for ever. Who acts: poor Dwarf, dwarf, gold, men. A sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Story of Sigurd, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of
---

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# The Red Fairy Book, The Story of Sigurd, sentence 42

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then the poor Dwarf was very angry, and he prayed that the gold might never bring any but bad luck to all the men who might own it, for ever.

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**Who acts:** poor Dwarf, dwarf, gold, men · **What happens:** be, pray, not bring, own · **To what, where:** any, men, gold

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This is a sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Story of Sigurd. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (poor Dwarf, dwarf, gold, men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg540:51:42
# text = Then the poor Dwarf was very angry, and he prayed that the gold might never bring any but bad luck to all the men who might own it, for ever.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	7	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	Dwarf	Dwarf	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	very	very	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	angry	angry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	prayed	pray	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
12	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
15	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
16	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	17	advmod	_	_
17	bring	bring	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	ccomp	_	_
18	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	17	obj	_	_
19	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	luck	luck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	_
22	to	to	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	25	det:predet	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl	_	_
26	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	28	nsubj	_	_
27	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
28	own	own	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	acl:relcl	_	_
29	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
31	for	for	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	28	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the poor Dwarf |  |  |  | then | angry *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **pray** | past | dwarf |  |  |  |  |  | vn long-32.2 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 3 | **not** **bring** | might | the gold | any | all men |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent any=Theme to man=Destination |
| 4 | **own** | might | all men | gold |  |  |  |  | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot it=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 540 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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