--- title: And Fafnir had lived in a cave with iron doors, a cave dug deep down… — The Red Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics description: And Fafnir had lived in a cave with iron doors, a cave dug deep down in the earth, and full of gold bracelets, and crowns, and rings; and there, too, Sigurd found the Helm of Dread, a golden helmet, and whoever wears it is invisible. Who acts: Fafnir, Sigurd, whoever, Helm. A sentence of «The Red Fa --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg540/51/90/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Red Fairy Book](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg540/) / [The Story of Sigurd](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg540/51/) / 90 # The Red Fairy Book, The Story of Sigurd, sentence 90 And Fafnir had lived in a cave with iron doors, a cave dug deep down in the earth, and full of gold bracelets, and crowns, and rings; and there, too, Sigurd found the Helm of Dread, a golden helmet, and whoever wears it is invisible. **Who acts:** Fafnir, Sigurd, whoever, Helm · **What happens:** live, dig, find, wear, be · **To what, where:** cave, earth, Helm This is a sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Story of Sigurd. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Fafnir, Sigurd, whoever, Helm), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg540:51:90 # text = And Fafnir had lived in a cave with iron doors, a cave dug deep down in the earth, and full of gold bracelets, and crowns, and rings; and there, too, Sigurd found the Helm of Dread, a golden helmet, and whoever wears it is invisible. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 4 cc _ _ 2 Fafnir Fafnir PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 3 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 4 lived live VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 5 in in ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 cave cave NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 8 with with ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 iron iron NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 compound _ _ 10 doors door NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 11 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 12 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 cave cave NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 conj _ _ 14 dug dig VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 13 acl _ _ 15 deep deep ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ _ 16 down down ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ _ 17 in in ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 earth earth NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 20 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 22 full full ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 conj _ _ 23 of of ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 gold gold NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 compound _ _ 25 bracelets bracelet NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 26 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 28 crowns crown NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 29 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 30 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 31 rings ring NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 32 ; ; PUNCT : _ 34 punct _ _ 33 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 34 there there ADV RB PronType=Dem 4 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No 35 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 36 too too ADV RB _ 34 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 37 , , PUNCT , _ 39 punct _ _ 38 Sigurd Sigurd PROPN NNP Number=Sing 39 nsubj _ _ 39 found find VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 40 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 41 Helm Helm PROPN NNP Number=Sing 39 obj _ _ 42 of of ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 43 Dread Dread PROPN NNP Number=Sing 41 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 44 , , PUNCT , _ 47 punct _ _ 45 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 47 det _ _ 46 golden golden ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 47 amod _ _ 47 helmet helmet NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 appos _ SpaceAfter=No 48 , , PUNCT , _ 51 punct _ _ 49 and and CCONJ CC _ 51 cc _ _ 50 whoever whoever PRON WP PronType=Rel 51 nsubj _ _ 51 wears wear VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 39 conj _ _ 52 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 54 nsubj _ _ 53 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 54 cop _ _ 54 invisible invisible ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 51 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 55 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **live** | past · perfect | Fafnir | | | a cave with iron doors and a cave | | | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in cave=Location | | 2 | **dig** | participle | | a cave *not said here* | | the earth | | down *property* | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent in earth=Location | | 3 | **find** | past | Sigurd | the Helm of Dread | | | | | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent helm=Topic | | 4 | **wear** | present | whoever | | | | | | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **is** | present | Helm | | | | | invisible *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 540 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 89](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg540/51/89/) - next →: [sentence 91](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg540/51/91/) - ↑ back to [The Story of Sigurd](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg540/51/)