---
title: So when, as was the usage and custom, all were to drink to the bride… — The Red Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: So when, as was the usage and custom, all were to drink to the bride and the young girls who were present, the cup-bearer filled the cup for each in turn, both bride and bridegroom, and knights and servants, and at last, after a very long time, he came to Halvor. Who acts: all, young girls, cup bear
---

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# The Red Fairy Book, Soria Moria Castle, sentence 173

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So when, as was the usage and custom, all were to drink to the bride and the young girls who were present, the cup-bearer filled the cup for each in turn, both bride and bridegroom, and knights and servants, and at last, after a very long time, he came to Halvor.

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**Who acts:** all, young girls, cup bearer, knights · **What happens:** be, drink, fill, come · **To what, where:** cup, turn, Halvor, last

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This is a sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Soria Moria Castle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (all, young girls, cup bearer, knights), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg540:6:173
# text = So when, as was the usage and custom, all were to drink to the bride and the young girls who were present, the cup-bearer filled the cup for each in turn, both bride and bridegroom, and knights and servants, and at last, after a very long time, he came to Halvor.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
4	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	usage	usage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	custom	custom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	14	nsubj	_	_
12	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	drink	drink	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	parataxis	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	bride	bride	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	girls	girl	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	conj	_	_
22	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	24	nsubj	_	_
23	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	cop	_	_
24	present	present	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
27	cup	cup	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	bearer	bearer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nsubj	_	_
30	filled	fill	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	conj	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	cup	cup	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obj	_	_
33	for	for	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	30	obl	_	_
35	in	in	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	turn	turn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
38	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	39	det	_	_
39	bride	bride	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	conj	_	_
40	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	41	cc	_	_
41	bridegroom	bridegroom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	59	punct	_	_
43	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	59	cc	_	_
44	knights	knight	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	59	nsubj	_	_
45	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	46	cc	_	_
46	servants	servant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	44	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	59	punct	_	_
48	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	59	cc	_	_
49	at	at	ADP	IN	_	50	case	_	_
50	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	59	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
51	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	50	punct	_	_
52	after	after	ADP	IN	_	56	case	_	_
53	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	56	det	_	_
54	very	very	ADV	RB	_	55	advmod	_	_
55	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	56	amod	_	_
56	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	50	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
57	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	50	punct	_	_
58	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	59	nsubj	_	_
59	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	conj	_	_
60	to	to	ADP	IN	_	61	case	_	_
61	Halvor	Halvor	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	59	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
62	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past |  |  |  |  |  | as the usage and custom | tree rules |
| 2 | **drink** | past | all |  |  |  |  | to the bride and the young girls | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | past | the young girls |  |  |  |  | present *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **fill** | past | the cup bearer | the cup |  | turn and both bride and bridegroom |  | for each | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent cup=Patient |
| 5 | **come** | past | knights and servants |  | Halvor | last |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to halvor=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 540 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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