---
title: ‘By what means has God brought you back to life?’ — The Red Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: ‘By what means has God brought you back to life?’ Who acts: God. A sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Death of Koshchei the Deathless, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Red Fairy Book, The Death of Koshchei the Deathless, sentence 265

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‘By what means has God brought you back to life?’

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**Who acts:** God · **What happens:** mean, have, bring back · **To what, where:** you, life

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This is a sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Death of Koshchei the Deathless. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (God), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg540:7:265
# text = ‘By what means has God brought you back to life?’
1	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	By	by	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
3	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	4	nsubj	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	_
5	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	ccomp	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	back	back	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **have** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **bring back** | past | God | you |  | life |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent you=Theme to life=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 540 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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