---
title: The next morning the sun was behind a cloud, but they started on, as… — The Wonderful Wizard of Oz · tree and pragmatics
description: The next morning the sun was behind a cloud, but they started on, as if they were quite sure which way they were going. Who acts: next morning, travelers. A sentence of «The Wonderful Wizard of Oz» by L. Frank Baum, Chapter XIV. The Winged Monkeys, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of ever
---

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# The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, Chapter XIV. The Winged Monkeys, sentence 8

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The next morning the sun was behind a cloud, but they started on, as if they were quite sure which way they were going.

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**Who acts:** next morning, travelers · **What happens:** be, start on, go · **To what, where:** cloud, way

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This is a sentence of «The Wonderful Wizard of Oz» by L. Frank Baum, Chapter XIV. The Winged Monkeys. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (next morning, travelers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg55:16:8
# text = The next morning the sun was behind a cloud, but they started on, as if they were quite sure which way they were going.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	behind	behind	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	cloud	cloud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	started	start	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
14	on	on	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
16	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
17	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
18	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
19	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
20	quite	quite	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
21	sure	sure	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	parataxis	_	_
22	which	which	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	23	det	_	_
23	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl:unmarked	_	_
24	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
25	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
26	going	go	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	23	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the next morning |  |  | a cloud |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **start on** | past | travelers *= traveler* |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 3 | **is** *a condition, not said to happen* | past | travelers *= traveler* |  |  |  |  | which way *obl:unmarked*; sure *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **go** | past · progressive | travelers *= traveler* | which way *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location way=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Wonderful Wizard of Oz» by L. Frank Baum, Project Gutenberg book 55 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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