---
title: They were all in the best of spirits, and laughed and chatted togeth… — The Wonderful Wizard of Oz · tree and pragmatics
description: They were all in the best of spirits, and laughed and chatted together. Who acts: friends, best. A sentence of «The Wonderful Wizard of Oz» by L. Frank Baum, Chapter XIX. Attacked by the Fighting Trees, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, Chapter XIX. Attacked by the Fighting Trees, sentence 13

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They were all in the best of spirits, and laughed and chatted together.

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**Who acts:** friends, best · **What happens:** be, laugh, chat

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This is a sentence of «The Wonderful Wizard of Oz» by L. Frank Baum, Chapter XIX. Attacked by the Fighting Trees. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (friends, best), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg55:21:13
# text = They were all in the best of spirits, and laughed and chatted together.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	all	all	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	11	nsubj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	spirits	spirit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	laughed	laugh	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	chatted	chat	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
14	together	together	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | friends *= friend* |  |  |  |  | of spirits; all, good *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **laugh** | past | the best |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **chat** *speech: other* | past | the best *not said here* |  |  |  |  | together *property* | vn chit\_chat-37.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Wonderful Wizard of Oz» by L. Frank Baum, Project Gutenberg book 55 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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