---
title: They all ran forward and passed under the tree without injury, excep… — The Wonderful Wizard of Oz · tree and pragmatics
description: They all ran forward and passed under the tree without injury, except Toto, who was caught by a small branch and shaken until he howled. Who acts: others, small branch, Toto. A sentence of «The Wonderful Wizard of Oz» by L. Frank Baum, Chapter XIX. Attacked by the Fighting Trees, with its dependency
---

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# The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, Chapter XIX. Attacked by the Fighting Trees, sentence 45

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They all ran forward and passed under the tree without injury, except Toto, who was caught by a small branch and shaken until he howled.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** others, small branch, Toto · **What happens:** run, pass, catch, shake, howl · **To what, where:** tree, Toto

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This is a sentence of «The Wonderful Wizard of Oz» by L. Frank Baum, Chapter XIX. Attacked by the Fighting Trees. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (others, small branch, Toto), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg55:21:45
# text = They all ran forward and passed under the tree without injury, except Toto, who was caught by a small branch and shaken until he howled.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	advmod	_	_
3	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	forward	forward	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	passed	pass	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
7	under	under	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	without	without	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	injury	injury	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	except	except	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	Toto	Toto	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj:pass	_	_
17	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux:pass	_	_
18	caught	catch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	acl	_	_
19	by	by	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	branch	branch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	shaken	shake	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	conj	_	_
25	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	27	mark	_	_
26	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
27	howled	howl	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | past | others *= other* |  |  |  |  | forward *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **pass** | participle | others *= other* *not said here* |  |  | the tree |  | without injury | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme under tree=Location |
| 3 | **catch** | past · passive | a small branch | Toto |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |
| 4 | **shake** | participle | a small branch *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 5 | **howl** | past | Toto |  |  |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Wonderful Wizard of Oz» by L. Frank Baum, Project Gutenberg book 55 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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