---
title: But the Lion explained that the animals were holding a meeting, and… — The Wonderful Wizard of Oz · tree and pragmatics
description: But the Lion explained that the animals were holding a meeting, and he judged by their snarling and growling that they were in great trouble. Who acts: Lion, animals, snarling. A sentence of «The Wonderful Wizard of Oz» by L. Frank Baum, Chapter XXI. The Lion Becomes the King of Beasts, with its dep
---

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# The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, Chapter XXI. The Lion Becomes the King of Beasts, sentence 20

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
But the Lion explained that the animals were holding a meeting, and he judged by their snarling and growling that they were in great trouble.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Lion, animals, snarling · **What happens:** explain, hold, judge, growl, be · **To what, where:** meeting, great trouble · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Wonderful Wizard of Oz» by L. Frank Baum, Chapter XXI. The Lion Becomes the King of Beasts. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lion, animals, snarling), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg55:23:20
# text = But the Lion explained that the animals were holding a meeting, and he judged by their snarling and growling that they were in great trouble.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Lion	Lion	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	explained	explain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
8	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	holding	hold	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	ccomp	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	meeting	meeting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	judged	judge	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
16	by	by	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	snarling	snarling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	growling	growl	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	18	acl	_	_
21	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
22	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
23	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	cop	_	_
24	in	in	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	trouble	trouble	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **explain** *speech: assert* | past | the Lion |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **hold** | past · progressive | the animals | a meeting |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent meeting=Theme |
| 3 | **judge** | past | Lion |  |  |  |  | by animals's snarling | vn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V whether/if S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **growl** | gerund | animals's snarling *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **is** | past | animals *= animal* |  |  | great trouble |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Wonderful Wizard of Oz» by L. Frank Baum, Project Gutenberg book 55 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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