---
title: “But I thought all witches were wicked,” said the girl, who was half… — The Wonderful Wizard of Oz · tree and pragmatics
description: “But I thought all witches were wicked,” said the girl, who was half frightened at facing a real witch. Who acts: I, witches, girl. A sentence of «The Wonderful Wizard of Oz» by L. Frank Baum, Chapter II. The Council with the Munchkins, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, Chapter II. The Council with the Munchkins, sentence 55

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“But I thought all witches were wicked,” said the girl, who was half frightened at facing a real witch.

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**Who acts:** I, witches, girl · **What happens:** think, be, say, frighten, face · **To what, where:** girl, real witch · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Wonderful Wizard of Oz» by L. Frank Baum, Chapter II. The Council with the Munchkins. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, witches, girl), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg55:3:55
# text = “But I thought all witches were wicked,” said the girl, who was half frightened at facing a real witch.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
3	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	thought	think	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	ccomp	_	_
5	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	witches	witch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
7	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	wicked	wicked	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
11	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	girl	girl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj:pass	_	_
16	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux:pass	_	_
17	half	half	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	18	advmod	_	_
18	frightened	frighten	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	acl:relcl	_	_
19	at	at	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
20	facing	face	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	18	advcl	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	witch	witch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **think** *speech: other* *in a quote* | past | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** *in a quote* | past | all witches |  |  |  |  | wicked *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the girl |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **frighten** | past · passive |  | the girl |  |  |  | half *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer |
| 5 | **face** | gerund |  |  | a real witch |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme witch=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Wonderful Wizard of Oz» by L. Frank Baum, Project Gutenberg book 55 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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