---
title: “She was so old,” explained the Witch of the North, “that she dried… — The Wonderful Wizard of Oz · tree and pragmatics
description: “She was so old,” explained the Witch of the North, “that she dried up quickly in the sun. That is the end of her. Who acts: foot, old, sun.. A sentence of «The Wonderful Wizard of Oz» by L. Frank Baum, Chapter II. The Council with the Munchkins, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every 
---

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# The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, Chapter II. The Council with the Munchkins, sentence 78

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“She was so old,” explained the Witch of the North, “that she dried up quickly in the sun. That is the end of her.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** foot, old, sun. · **What happens:** be, explain, dry up · **To what, where:** Witch, sun., end · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Wonderful Wizard of Oz» by L. Frank Baum, Chapter II. The Council with the Munchkins. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (foot, old, sun.), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg55:3:78
# text = “She was so old,” explained the Witch of the North, “that she dried up quickly in the sun. That is the end of her.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	so	so	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
8	explained	explain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	Witch	witch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	North	North	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
17	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	dried	dry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
19	up	up	ADP	RP	_	18	compound:prt	_	_
20	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	sun.	sun.	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
24	That	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	27	nsubj	_	_
25	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	cop	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	acl:relcl	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | past | foot |  |  |  |  | old *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **explain** *speech: assert* | past | old | the Witch of the North |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent witch=Topic |
| 3 | **dry up** *in a quote* | past | foot |  |  | the sun. |  | quickly *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | the sun. | the end |  |  |  | of foot | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Wonderful Wizard of Oz» by L. Frank Baum, Project Gutenberg book 55 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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