---
title: A little way off was a small brook, rushing and sparkling along betw… — The Wonderful Wizard of Oz · tree and pragmatics
description: A little way off was a small brook, rushing and sparkling along between green banks, and murmuring in a voice very grateful to a little girl who had lived so long on the dry, gray prairies. Who acts: little way, small brook, little girl. A sentence of «The Wonderful Wizard of Oz» by L. Frank Baum, C
---

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# The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, Chapter II. The Council with the Munchkins, sentence 9

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A little way off was a small brook, rushing and sparkling along between green banks, and murmuring in a voice very grateful to a little girl who had lived so long on the dry, gray prairies.

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**Who acts:** little way, small brook, little girl · **What happens:** be, rush, sparkle, murmur, live · **To what, where:** small brook, green banks, voice, dry gray prairies

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This is a sentence of «The Wonderful Wizard of Oz» by L. Frank Baum, Chapter II. The Council with the Munchkins. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (little way, small brook, little girl), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg55:3:9
# text = A little way off was a small brook, rushing and sparkling along between green banks, and murmuring in a voice very grateful to a little girl who had lived so long on the dry, gray prairies.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	off	off	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	brook	brook	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	rushing	rush	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	sparkling	sparkle	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	conj	_	_
13	along	along	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
14	between	between	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	banks	bank	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
19	murmuring	murmur	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	24	csubj	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
23	very	very	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
24	grateful	grateful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	parataxis	_	_
25	to	to	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	girl	girl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	_
29	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	31	nsubj	_	_
30	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	31	aux	_	_
31	lived	live	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	28	acl:relcl	_	_
32	so	so	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	_
33	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	31	advmod	_	_
34	on	on	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
36	dry	dry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	39	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
38	gray	gray	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	39	amod	_	_
39	prairies	prairie	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | a little way | a small brook |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **rush** | gerund | a small brook *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **sparkle** | gerund | a small brook *not said here* |  |  | green banks |  | along *property* | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme between bank=Location |
| 4 | **murmur** *speech: other* | gerund |  |  |  | a voice |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in voice=Location |
| 5 | **live** | past · perfect | a little girl |  |  | the dry gray prairies |  | long *property* | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on prairie=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Wonderful Wizard of Oz» by L. Frank Baum, Project Gutenberg book 55 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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