---
title: “Perhaps,” said the Lion thoughtfully, “if I had no heart I should n… — The Wonderful Wizard of Oz · tree and pragmatics
description: “Perhaps,” said the Lion thoughtfully, “if I had no heart I should not be a coward.” Who acts: Lion. A sentence of «The Wonderful Wizard of Oz» by L. Frank Baum, Chapter VI. The Cowardly Lion, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, Chapter VI. The Cowardly Lion, sentence 60

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“Perhaps,” said the Lion thoughtfully, “if I had no heart I should not be a coward.”

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**Who acts:** Lion · **What happens:** say, have, not be · **To what, where:** heart, coward · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Wonderful Wizard of Oz» by L. Frank Baum, Chapter VI. The Cowardly Lion. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lion), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg55:8:60
# text = “Perhaps,” said the Lion thoughtfully, “if I had no heart I should not be a coward.”
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Perhaps	perhaps	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Lion	Lion	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
8	thoughtfully	thoughtfully	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
12	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
14	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	15	det	_	_
15	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
17	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
18	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	21	advmod	_	_
19	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	cop	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	coward	coward	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the Lion |  |  |  |  | perhaps, thoughtfully *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **have** *a condition, not said to happen, in a quote* | past | the Lion *= lion* | no heart |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heart=Patient |
| 3 | **not** **is a** *in a quote* | should | the Lion *= lion* | a coward |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Wonderful Wizard of Oz» by L. Frank Baum, Project Gutenberg book 55 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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