---
title: He became greatly frightened at this and made many motions to Doroth… — The Wonderful Wizard of Oz · tree and pragmatics
description: He became greatly frightened at this and made many motions to Dorothy to relieve him, but she could not understand. Who acts: thing, Woodman. A sentence of «The Wonderful Wizard of Oz» by L. Frank Baum, Chapter VI. The Cowardly Lion, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, Chapter VI. The Cowardly Lion, sentence 83

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He became greatly frightened at this and made many motions to Dorothy to relieve him, but she could not understand.

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**Who acts:** thing, Woodman · **What happens:** become, frighten, make, relieve, not understand · **To what, where:** this, many motions, Dorothy, thing

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This is a sentence of «The Wonderful Wizard of Oz» by L. Frank Baum, Chapter VI. The Cowardly Lion. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thing, Woodman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg55:8:83
# text = He became greatly frightened at this and made many motions to Dorothy to relieve him, but she could not understand.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	greatly	greatly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	frightened	frighten	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	xcomp	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
9	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	motions	motion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Dorothy	Dorothy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	relieve	relieve	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	_
15	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
17	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
18	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
19	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
20	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	21	advmod	_	_
21	understand	understand	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | past | thing |  |  |  |  | greatly *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **frighten** | participle | thing *not said here* |  |  | this |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **make** | past | thing *not said here* | many motions | Dorothy |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset motion=Product |
| 4 | **relieve** | to-infinitive | thing *not said here* | thing |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus he=Experiencer |
| 5 | **not** **understand** | could | Woodman |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Wonderful Wizard of Oz» by L. Frank Baum, Project Gutenberg book 55 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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