---
title: Courage, youth, beauty, kindness, have many trials, but they always… — The Pink Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Courage, youth, beauty, kindness, have many trials, but they always win the battle; while witches, giants, unfriendly cruel people, are on the losing hand. Who acts: Courage, witches. A sentence of «The Pink Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Pink Fairy Book, part 1, with its dependency tree and the pr
---

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# The Pink Fairy Book, The Pink Fairy Book, part 1, sentence 20

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Courage, youth, beauty, kindness, have many trials, but they always win the battle; while witches, giants, unfriendly cruel people, are on the losing hand.

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**Who acts:** Courage, witches · **What happens:** have, win, lose, be · **To what, where:** many trials, battle, losing hand

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This is a sentence of «The Pink Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Pink Fairy Book, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Courage, witches), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg5615:1:20
# text = Courage, youth, beauty, kindness, have many trials, but they always win the battle; while witches, giants, unfriendly cruel people, are on the losing hand.
1	Courage	courage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	youth	youth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	beauty	beauty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	kindness	kindness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
9	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	trials	trial	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
14	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
15	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	16	advmod	_	_
16	win	win	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	battle	battle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
20	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	33	mark	_	_
21	witches	witch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	giants	giant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
25	unfriendly	unfriendly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
26	cruel	cruel	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
29	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	33	cop	_	_
30	on	on	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
32	losing	lose	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	33	amod	_	_
33	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Courage and youth and beauty and kindness | many trials |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trial=Patient |
| 2 | **win** | present | Courage | the battle |  |  |  | always *property* | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent battle=Eventuality |
| 3 | **lose** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** | present | witches and giants and unfriendly cruel people |  |  | the losing hand |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Pink Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 5615 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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