--- title: However, it happened that an old and humpbacked shepherd passed the… — The Pink Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics description: However, it happened that an old and humpbacked shepherd passed the tree with his flock, and seeing the prisoner, he stopped and said to him, ‘Tell me, my son why are you tied to that tree?’ Who acts: it, old shepherd, shepherd. A sentence of «The Pink Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Pink Fairy Book --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg5615/1/73/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Pink Fairy Book](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg5615/) / [The Pink Fairy Book, part 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg5615/1/) / 73 # The Pink Fairy Book, The Pink Fairy Book, part 1, sentence 73 However, it happened that an old and humpbacked shepherd passed the tree with his flock, and seeing the prisoner, he stopped and said to him, ‘Tell me, my son why are you tied to that tree?’ **Who acts:** it, old shepherd, shepherd · **What happens:** happen, pass, see, stop, say, tell · **To what, where:** tree, prisoner, shepherd, me, you · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «The Pink Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Pink Fairy Book, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (it, old shepherd, shepherd), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg5615:1:73 # text = However, it happened that an old and humpbacked shepherd passed the tree with his flock, and seeing the prisoner, he stopped and said to him, ‘Tell me, my son why are you tied to that tree?’ 1 However however ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct _ _ 3 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 4 happened happen VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 that that SCONJ IN _ 11 mark _ _ 6 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 7 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 8 and and CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ _ 9 humpbacked humpbacked ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 conj _ _ 10 shepherd shepherd NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ _ 11 passed pass VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 advcl _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 tree tree NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obj _ _ 14 with with ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ _ 16 flock flock NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 17 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 19 seeing see VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 24 advcl _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 prisoner prisoner NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 22 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 23 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nsubj _ _ 24 stopped stop VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 26 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 24 conj _ _ 27 to to ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 28 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 29 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 30 ‘ ' PUNCT `` _ 31 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 31 Tell tell VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 26 ccomp _ _ 32 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 31 iobj _ SpaceAfter=No 33 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 34 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 35 nmod:poss _ _ 35 son son NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 vocative _ _ 36 why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 39 advmod _ _ 37 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 39 aux:pass _ _ 38 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 39 nsubj _ _ 39 tied tie VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 31 advcl _ _ 40 to to ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 41 that that DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 42 det _ _ 42 tree tree NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 43 ? ? PUNCT . _ 31 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 44 ’ ' PUNCT '' _ 31 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **happen** | past | it | | | | | however *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **pass** | past | a old shepherd | the tree | | | | with shepherd's flock | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme tree=Trajectory | | 3 | **see** | gerund | shepherd *not said here* | the prisoner | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer prisoner=Stimulus | | 4 | **stop** | past | shepherd | | | | | | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | | 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | shepherd *not said here* | | shepherd | | | | vn indicate-78-1 «NP V PP.recipient that S»: agent=Pivot to he=Experiencer clause=Topic | | 6 | **tell** *speech: assert* | infinitive | | | me | | | my son *vocative* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent i=Recipient | | 7 | **tie** | present · passive | | you | | | | to that tree | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: subject=Patient to tree=Co-Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Pink Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 5615 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 72](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg5615/1/72/) - next →: [sentence 74](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg5615/1/74/) - ↑ back to [The Pink Fairy Book, part 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg5615/1/)