---
title: When the king’s eldest son heard this he offered to bring the bird G… — The Pink Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: When the king’s eldest son heard this he offered to bring the bird Grip, which was kept in a cage by a king in another country, and carefully guarded as his greatest treasure. Who acts: eldest son, son, king. A sentence of «The Pink Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Pink Fairy Book, part 14, with its 
---

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# The Pink Fairy Book, The Pink Fairy Book, part 14, sentence 88

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When the king’s eldest son heard this he offered to bring the bird Grip, which was kept in a cage by a king in another country, and carefully guarded as his greatest treasure.

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**Who acts:** eldest son, son, king · **What happens:** hear, offer, bring, keep, guard, treasure · **To what, where:** this, bird Grip, cage

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This is a sentence of «The Pink Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Pink Fairy Book, part 14. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (eldest son, son, king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg5615:14:88
# text = When the king’s eldest son heard this he offered to bring the bird Grip, which was kept in a cage by a king in another country, and carefully guarded as his greatest treasure.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	’s	's	PART	POS	_	3	case	_	_
5	eldest	eld	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	6	amod	_	_
6	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
8	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	obj	_	_
9	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	offered	offer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	bring	bring	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	Grip	Grip	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	19	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux:pass	_	_
19	kept	keep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	acl	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	cage	cage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
23	by	by	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
26	in	in	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	28	det	_	_
28	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
31	carefully	carefully	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	_
32	guarded	guard	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	conj	_	_
33	as	as	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
34	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	36	nmod:poss	_	_
35	greatest	great	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	36	amod	_	_
36	treasure	treasure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past | the king's eldest son | this |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer this=Stimulus |
| 2 | **offer** | past | son |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **bring** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | son *not said here* |  | the bird Grip |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument grip=Destination |
| 4 | **keep** | past · passive | a king | the bird Grip |  | a cage |  | in another country | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent subject=Theme in cage=Location |
| 5 | **guard** | participle | son *not said here* |  |  |  |  | as king's greatest treasure; carefully *property* | vn defend-72.3 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **treasure** |  | king |  |  |  |  |  | nom treasure «possession transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Pink Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 5615 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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