---
title: So poor Catherine was left alone in the world without a penny or a c… — The Pink Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: So poor Catherine was left alone in the world without a penny or a creature to help her. A sentence of «The Pink Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Pink Fairy Book, part 18, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Pink Fairy Book, The Pink Fairy Book, part 18, sentence 81

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So poor Catherine was left alone in the world without a penny or a creature to help her.

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**What happens:** leave, help · **To what, where:** poor Catherine, world, woman

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This is a sentence of «The Pink Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Pink Fairy Book, part 18. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg5615:18:81
# text = So poor Catherine was left alone in the world without a penny or a creature to help her.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
2	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	Catherine	Catherine	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	alone	alone	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
10	without	without	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	penny	penny	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	creature	creature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	acl	_	_
18	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | past · passive |  | poor Catherine |  | the world |  | without a penny or a creature; alone *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme in world=Location |
| 2 | **help** | to-infinitive |  |  | woman |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Beneficiary |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Pink Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 5615 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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