---
title: One morning she was driving her cows through the meadows when she he… — The Pink Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: One morning she was driving her cows through the meadows when she heard near by a loud groan that almost sounded human. Who acts: girl, loud groan. A sentence of «The Pink Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Pink Fairy Book, part 21, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg5615/21/14/)

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# The Pink Fairy Book, The Pink Fairy Book, part 21, sentence 14

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One morning she was driving her cows through the meadows when she heard near by a loud groan that almost sounded human.

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**Who acts:** girl, loud groan · **What happens:** drive, hear, sound · **To what, where:** cows, meadows

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This is a sentence of «The Pink Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Pink Fairy Book, part 21. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (girl, loud groan), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg5615:21:14
# text = One morning she was driving her cows through the meadows when she heard near by a loud groan that almost sounded human.
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:unmarked	_	_
3	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	driving	drive	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	cows	cow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
8	through	through	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	meadows	meadow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
11	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	13	advmod	_	_
12	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	_
14	near	near	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
15	by	by	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	loud	loud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	groan	groan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
19	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	21	nsubj	_	_
20	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
21	sounded	sound	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	acl:relcl	_	_
22	human	human	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drive** | past · progressive | girl | girl's cows |  | the meadows | morning |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent cow=Theme through meadow=Trajectory |
| 2 | **hear** | past | girl |  |  |  |  | by a loud groan; near *property* | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **sound** | past | a loud groan |  |  |  |  | almost, human *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Pink Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 5615 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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