---
title: He crossed the frontier, and soon found himself on the banks of a ri… — The Pink Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: He crossed the frontier, and soon found himself on the banks of a river; and before him, in the middle of the stream, a beautiful girl sat chained to a rock and weeping bitterly. Who acts: brother. A sentence of «The Pink Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Pink Fairy Book, part 22, with its dependency 
---

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# The Pink Fairy Book, The Pink Fairy Book, part 22, sentence 141

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He crossed the frontier, and soon found himself on the banks of a river; and before him, in the middle of the stream, a beautiful girl sat chained to a rock and weeping bitterly.

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**Who acts:** brother · **What happens:** cross, find, chain, weep · **To what, where:** frontier, brother, banks

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This is a sentence of «The Pink Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Pink Fairy Book, part 22. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (brother), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg5615:22:141
# text = He crossed the frontier, and soon found himself on the banks of a river; and before him, in the middle of the stream, a beautiful girl sat chained to a rock and weeping bitterly.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	crossed	cross	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	frontier	frontier	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	soon	soon	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	8	advmod	_	_
8	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
9	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	8	obj	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	banks	bank	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
18	before	before	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	middle	middle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	conj	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	stream	stream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
28	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
29	beautiful	beautiful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	girl	girl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	conj	_	_
31	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	aux:pass	_	_
32	chained	chain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	parataxis	_	_
33	to	to	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obl	_	_
36	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
37	weeping	weep	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	32	conj	_	_
38	bitterly	bitterly	ADV	RB	_	37	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cross** | past | brother | the frontier |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent frontier=Patient |
| 2 | **find** | past |  | brother |  | the banks of a river |  | soon *property* | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Topic |
| 3 | **chain** | past · passive |  | brother |  |  |  | to a rock | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: subject=Patient to rock=Co-Patient |
| 4 | **weep** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | bitterly *property* | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Pink Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 5615 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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