---
title: Now it happened that an enemy declared war against the young king; a… — The Pink Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Now it happened that an enemy declared war against the young king; and, as he foresaw that it would be three years at the least before he could return to his country and his queen, he ordered all his servants who remained at home to guard her most carefully. Who acts: it, enemy, king, servants. A se
---

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# The Pink Fairy Book, The Pink Fairy Book, part 33, sentence 45

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Now it happened that an enemy declared war against the young king; and, as he foresaw that it would be three years at the least before he could return to his country and his queen, he ordered all his servants who remained at home to guard her most carefully.

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**Who acts:** it, enemy, king, servants · **What happens:** happen, declare, foresee, be, return, order · **To what, where:** war, least, three years, servants, home, country

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This is a sentence of «The Pink Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Pink Fairy Book, part 33. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (it, enemy, king, servants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg5615:33:45
# text = Now it happened that an enemy declared war against the young king; and, as he foresaw that it would be three years at the least before he could return to his country and his queen, he ordered all his servants who remained at home to guard her most carefully.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	happened	happen	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	enemy	enemy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	declared	declare	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
8	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	against	against	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
16	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
17	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	foresaw	foresee	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
19	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
20	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
21	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
22	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	cop	_	_
23	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	24	nummod	_	_
24	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	advcl	_	_
25	at	at	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	least	least	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	18	obl	_	_
28	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	31	mark	_	_
29	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj	_	_
30	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	31	aux	_	_
31	return	return	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	advcl	_	_
32	to	to	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	34	nmod:poss	_	_
34	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
36	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	37	nmod:poss	_	_
37	queen	queen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
39	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	40	nsubj	_	_
40	ordered	order	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
41	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	43	det:predet	_	_
42	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	43	nmod:poss	_	_
43	servants	servant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	40	obj	_	_
44	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	45	nsubj	_	_
45	remained	remain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	43	acl:relcl	_	_
46	at	at	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
47	home	home	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	obl	_	_
48	to	to	PART	TO	_	49	mark	_	_
49	guard	guard	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	45	advcl	_	_
50	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	49	obj	_	_
51	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	52	advmod	_	_
52	carefully	carefully	ADV	RB	_	49	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
53	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | past | it |  |  |  | now |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **declare** *speech: other* | past | a enemy | war |  |  |  | against the young king | vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent war=Attribute |
| 3 | **foresee** | past | king |  |  | the least |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is a** | would | enemy | three years |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **return** | could | king |  |  |  |  | to king's country and king's queen *result* | vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient to country=Result |
| 6 | **order** | past | king | king's servants |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent servant=Theme |
| 7 | **remain** | past | king's servants |  |  | home |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at home=Location |
| 8 | **guard** | to-infinitive | king's servants *not said here* |  | country |  |  | carefully *property* | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Beneficiary |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Pink Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 5615 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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