---
title: ‘No, you have undertaken to keep guard to-night as well,’ said the l… — The Pink Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: ‘No, you have undertaken to keep guard to-night as well,’ said the little man, ‘and you must attend to that.’ Who acts: you. A sentence of «The Pink Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Pink Fairy Book, part 7, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Pink Fairy Book, The Pink Fairy Book, part 7, sentence 46

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‘No, you have undertaken to keep guard to-night as well,’ said the little man, ‘and you must attend to that.’

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you · **What happens:** undertake, keep, say, attend · **To what, where:** guard, little man · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Pink Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Pink Fairy Book, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg5615:7:46
# text = ‘No, you have undertaken to keep guard to-night as well,’ said the little man, ‘and you must attend to that.’
1	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	6	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	undertaken	undertake	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	17	ccomp	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	guard	guard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
13	as	as	ADV	RB	ExtPos=ADV	8	advmod	_	_
14	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	13	fixed	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	_
17	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
22	‘	‘	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
24	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
25	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
26	attend	attend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	conj	_	_
27	to	to	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	’	'	PUNCT	NFP	_	17	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **undertake** | present · perfect | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **keep** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | guard |  |  | night |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent guard=Theme |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past |  | the little man and ‘ |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **attend** | must | you |  |  |  |  | to that | vn caring-75.2-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent to that=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Pink Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 5615 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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