---
title: In a certain kingdom in a certain land once there lived a Tsar and a… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: In a certain kingdom in a certain land once there lived a Tsar and a Tsarítsa. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 10, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 10, sentence 2

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In a certain kingdom in a certain land once there lived a Tsar and a Tsarítsa.

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**What happens:** live · **To what, where:** Tsar, certain kingdom

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:10:2
# text = In a certain kingdom in a certain land once there lived a Tsar and a Tsarítsa.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	certain	certain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	kingdom	kingdom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	certain	certain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
9	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	10	advmod	_	_
10	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	11	advmod	_	_
11	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	Tsar	Tsar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	Tsarítsa	Tsarítsa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | past |  | a Tsar and a Tsarítsa |  | a certain kingdom in a certain land; there |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme tsar=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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