---
title: Doughty of might, Iván Tsarévich, hast thou read how it is written o… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Doughty of might, Iván Tsarévich, hast thou read how it is written on the column that thy horse shall be slain? Who acts: Iván. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 10, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 10, sentence 88

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Doughty of might, Iván Tsarévich, hast thou read how it is written on the column that thy horse shall be slain?

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**Who acts:** Iván · **What happens:** have, read, write, slay · **To what, where:** thou, WOLF, column, horse

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iván), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:10:88
# text = Doughty of might, Iván Tsarévich, hast thou read how it is written on the column that thy horse shall be slain?
1	Doughty	doughty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:desc	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	1	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Iván	Iván	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
6	Tsarévich	Tsarévich	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	hast	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
9	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	8	obj	_	_
10	read	read	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	14	advmod	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	written	write	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	advcl	_	_
15	on	on	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	column	column	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
18	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	23	obj	_	_
19	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj:pass	_	_
21	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
22	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	aux:pass	_	_
23	slain	slay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Iván  Doughty *not said here* | thou |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thou=Patient |
| 2 | **read** | past | Iván  Doughty |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **write** | present · passive |  | WOLF |  | the column |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme on column=Destination |
| 4 | **slay** | shall · passive |  | thy horse |  |  |  | the column *obj* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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