---
title: And the Wolf, speaking these words, cleft the horse of the young Ivá… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: And the Wolf, speaking these words, cleft the horse of the young Iván Tsarévich in two and went far aside. Who acts: Wolf. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 10, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 10, sentence 90

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And the Wolf, speaking these words, cleft the horse of the young Iván Tsarévich in two and went far aside.

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**Who acts:** Wolf · **What happens:** speak, cleft, go · **To what, where:** words, horse, two · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wolf), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:10:90
# text = And the Wolf, speaking these words, cleft the horse of the young Iván Tsarévich in two and went far aside.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Wolf	Wolf	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	speaking	speak	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	acl	_	_
6	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
7	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	cleft	cleft	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
14	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
15	Iván	Iván	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	Tsarévich	Tsarévich	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	obl	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
21	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	22	advmod	_	_
22	aside	aside	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | gerund | the Wolf *not said here* | this words |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **cleft** | infinitive | the Wolf | the horse of the young Iván Tsarévich |  | two |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **go** | past | the Wolf *not said here* |  |  |  |  | aside *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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