---
title: Iván Tsarévich sat on the grey Wolf, and so they went on to the real… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Iván Tsarévich sat on the grey Wolf, and so they went on to the realm of Tsar Dolmát, may-be far or near; and when they reached that kingdom then they stopped three versts out of the town, and Iván began to beseech the grey Wolf: “Listen to me, my beloved friend, the grey Wolf; you have served me so
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 11, sentence 36

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Iván Tsarévich sat on the grey Wolf, and so they went on to the realm of Tsar Dolmát, may-be far or near; and when they reached that kingdom then they stopped three versts out of the town, and Iván began to beseech the grey Wolf: “Listen to me, my beloved friend, the grey Wolf; you have served me so many services, serve me a last: can you not turn yourself into the golden-maned horse?”

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**Who acts:** Iván, way, you · **What happens:** sit, go on, be, reach, stop, begin · **To what, where:** grey Wolf, kingdom, three versts, town, beloved friend, Iván · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iván, way, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:11:36
# text = Iván Tsarévich sat on the grey Wolf, and so they went on to the realm of Tsar Dolmát, may-be far or near; and when they reached that kingdom then they stopped three versts out of the town, and Iván began to beseech the grey Wolf: “Listen to me, my beloved friend, the grey Wolf; you have served me so many services, serve me a last: can you not turn yourself into the golden-maned horse?”
1	Iván	Iván	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	Tsarévich	Tsarévich	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	grey	grey	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	Wolf	Wolf	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	so	so	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
11	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
13	on	on	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	realm	realm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	Tsar	Tsar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
19	Dolmát	Dolmát	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
21	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	cop	_	_
24	far	far	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	parataxis	_	_
25	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	near	near	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
29	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	31	mark	_	_
30	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj	_	_
31	reached	reach	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	36	advcl	_	_
32	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	33	mark	_	_
33	kingdom	kingdom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obj	_	_
34	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	36	advmod	_	_
35	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	36	nsubj	_	_
36	stopped	stop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
37	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	38	nummod	_	_
38	versts	verst	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	obj	_	_
39	out	out	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
40	of	of	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	46	punct	_	_
44	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	46	cc	_	_
45	Iván	Iván	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	46	nsubj	_	_
46	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
47	to	to	PART	TO	_	48	mark	_	_
48	beseech	beseech	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	46	xcomp	_	_
49	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	51	det	_	_
50	grey	grey	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	51	amod	_	_
51	Wolf	wolf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	48	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
52	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	54	punct	_	_
53	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	54	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
54	Listen	listen	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	46	parataxis	_	_
55	to	to	ADP	IN	_	56	case	_	_
56	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	54	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
57	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	60	punct	_	_
58	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	60	nmod:poss	_	_
59	beloved	beloved	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	60	amod	_	_
60	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	54	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
61	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	64	punct	_	_
62	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	64	det	_	_
63	grey	grey	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	64	amod	_	_
64	Wolf	Wolf	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	60	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
65	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	68	punct	_	_
66	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	68	nsubj	_	_
67	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	68	aux	_	_
68	served	serve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
69	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	68	obj	_	_
70	so	so	ADV	RB	_	71	advmod	_	_
71	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	72	amod	_	_
72	services	service	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	68	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
73	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	74	punct	_	_
74	serve	serve	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	68	parataxis	_	_
75	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	74	obj	_	_
76	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	77	det	_	_
77	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	74	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
78	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	82	punct	_	_
79	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	82	aux	_	_
80	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	82	nsubj	_	_
81	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	82	advmod	_	_
82	turn	turn	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
83	yourself	yourself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	82	obj	_	_
84	into	into	ADP	IN	_	89	case	_	_
85	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	89	det	_	_
86	golden	golden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	88	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
87	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	86	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
88	maned	maned	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	89	amod	_	_
89	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	82	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
90	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
91	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | past | Iván |  |  | the grey Wolf |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on wolf=Location |
| 2 | **go on** | past | way |  |  |  |  | to the realm of Tsar | vn function-105.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | may |  |  |  |  |  | far *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **be** |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **reach** | past | way | kingdom |  |  |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent kingdom=Theme |
| 6 | **stop** | past | way | three versts |  | the town | then |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality verst=Eventuality |
| 7 | **begin** | past | Iván |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 8 | **beseech** | to-infinitive | Iván *not said here* | the grey Wolf |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 9 | **listen** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | my beloved friend | Iván |  |  |  | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to i=Theme |
| 10 | **serve** *in a quote* | present · perfect | you | Iván |  |  |  | many services *obj* | tree rules |
| 11 | **serve** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | Iván |  |  |  | a last *obl* | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Attribute |
| 12 | **not** **turn** *in a quote* | can | you | yourself |  |  |  | into the maned horse *result* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent yourself=Theme into horse=Result |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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