---
title: Princess Eléna the Fair was frightened to death, and swore by all th… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Princess Eléna the Fair was frightened to death, and swore by all the holy relics that she would do as she was bidden. Who acts: Princess. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 11, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 11, sentence 58

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Princess Eléna the Fair was frightened to death, and swore by all the holy relics that she would do as she was bidden.

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**Who acts:** Princess · **What happens:** frighten, swear, do, bid · **To what, where:** Princess

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Princess), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:11:58
# text = Princess Eléna the Fair was frightened to death, and swore by all the holy relics that she would do as she was bidden.
1	Princess	Princess	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	Eléna	Eléna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	Fair	Fair	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	frightened	frighten	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	swore	swear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
12	by	by	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
13	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	16	det:predet	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	holy	holy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	relics	relic	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
17	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
18	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
19	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
20	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	xcomp	_	_
21	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
22	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj:pass	_	_
23	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux:pass	_	_
24	bidden	bid	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **frighten** | past · passive |  | Princess |  |  |  | to death | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer |
| 2 | **swear** | past |  |  |  |  |  | by all holy relics | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 3 | **do** | would | Princess |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **bid** | past · passive |  | Princess |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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