--- title: The soldier got his last biscuit out, and thought: “If I give him th… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics description: The soldier got his last biscuit out, and thought: “If I give him the whole, I shall have none left; if I give half, why, this old man will come across brother-beggars, will see they have a whole biscuit, and be offended. Who acts: soldier, none, old man. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/12/115/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Russian Folk-Tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/) / [Opening, part 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/12/) / 115 # Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 12, sentence 115 The soldier got his last biscuit out, and thought: “If I give him the whole, I shall have none left; if I give half, why, this old man will come across brother-beggars, will see they have a whole biscuit, and be offended. **Who acts:** soldier, none, old man · **What happens:** get out, think, give, have, leave, come · **To what, where:** last biscuit, end, none, half, brother beggars, whole biscuit · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 12. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (soldier, none, old man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg62509:12:115 # text = The soldier got his last biscuit out, and thought: “If I give him the whole, I shall have none left; if I give half, why, this old man will come across brother-beggars, will see they have a whole biscuit, and be offended. 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 soldier soldier NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 got get VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ _ 5 last last ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 biscuit biscuit NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 7 out out ADP RP _ 3 compound:prt _ SpaceAfter=No 8 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 10 thought think VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 11 : : PUNCT : _ 22 punct _ _ 12 “ " PUNCT `` _ 22 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 13 If if SCONJ IN _ 15 mark _ _ 14 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 15 nsubj _ _ 15 give give VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 advcl _ _ 16 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 iobj _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 whole whole ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 19 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 20 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ _ 21 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 22 aux _ _ 22 have have VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 10 ccomp _ _ 23 none none PRON NN PronType=Neg 22 obj _ _ 24 left leave VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 22 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 25 ; ; PUNCT : _ 28 punct _ _ 26 if if SCONJ IN _ 28 mark _ _ 27 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ _ 28 give give VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 29 half half NOUN NN Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac 28 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 30 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 31 why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 29 acl:relcl _ SpaceAfter=No 32 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 33 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 35 det _ _ 34 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 35 amod _ _ 35 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 nsubj _ _ 36 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 37 aux _ _ 37 come come VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 28 conj _ _ 38 across across ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 39 brother brother NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 40 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 39 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 41 beggars beggar NOUN NNS Number=Plur 37 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 42 , , PUNCT , _ 44 punct _ _ 43 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 44 aux _ _ 44 see see VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 28 conj _ _ 45 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 46 nsubj _ _ 46 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 44 ccomp _ _ 47 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 49 det _ _ 48 whole whole ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 49 amod _ _ 49 biscuit biscuit NOUN NN Number=Sing 46 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 50 , , PUNCT , _ 53 punct _ _ 51 and and CCONJ CC _ 53 cc _ _ 52 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 53 aux:pass _ _ 53 offended offend VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 3 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 54 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **get out** | past | the soldier | end's last biscuit | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **think** *speech: other* | past | the soldier *not said here* | | | | | | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 3 | **give** *a condition, not said to happen, in a quote* | present | the soldier *= soldier* | | end | | | whole *property* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | | 4 | **have** *in a quote* | shall | the soldier *= soldier* | none | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **leave** *in a quote* | participle | none *not said here* | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **give** *a condition, not said to happen, in a quote* | present | the soldier *= soldier* | half | | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent half=Theme | | 7 | **come** *in a quote* | future | this old man | | | brother beggars | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme across beggar=Initial\_Location | | 8 | **see** *in a quote* | future | the soldier *= soldier* *not said here* | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 9 | **have** *in a quote* | present | SOLDIER | a whole biscuit | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent biscuit=Patient | | 10 | **offend** *in a quote* | infinitive · passive | the soldier *not said here* | | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle» | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 114](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/12/114/) - next →: [sentence 116](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/12/116/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/12/)