---
title: Now, in this kingdom the Tsar’s daughter was near her death, and the… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Now, in this kingdom the Tsar’s daughter was near her death, and the Tsar had promised any one who should cure her half of his reign and rule and realm; but any one who failed was to have his head cut off and placed on a pole. Who acts: daughter, Tsar, one, head. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» b
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 12, sentence 30

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Now, in this kingdom the Tsar’s daughter was near her death, and the Tsar had promised any one who should cure her half of his reign and rule and realm; but any one who failed was to have his head cut off and placed on a pole.

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**Who acts:** daughter, Tsar, one, head · **What happens:** be, promise, cure, fail, have, cut off · **To what, where:** death, one, half, pole

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 12. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (daughter, Tsar, one, head), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:12:30
# text = Now, in this kingdom the Tsar’s daughter was near her death, and the Tsar had promised any one who should cure her half of his reign and rule and realm; but any one who failed was to have his head cut off and placed on a pole.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	det	_	_
5	kingdom	kingdom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Tsar	Tsar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	’s	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	daughter	daughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
11	near	near	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	Tsar	Tsar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
18	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	promised	promise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	13	parataxis	_	_
20	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	21	det	_	_
21	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	24	nsubj	_	_
23	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
24	cure	cure	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	acl:relcl	_	_
25	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	half	half	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	24	obj	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	29	nmod:poss	_	_
29	reign	reign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	rule	rule	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	conj	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
33	realm	realm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
35	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	42	cc	_	_
36	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	37	det	_	_
37	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	nsubj	_	_
38	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	39	nsubj	_	_
39	failed	fail	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	37	acl:relcl	_	_
40	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	42	aux	_	_
41	to	to	PART	TO	_	42	mark	_	_
42	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	parataxis	_	_
43	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	44	nmod:poss	_	_
44	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	nsubj	_	_
45	cut	cut	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	42	parataxis	_	_
46	off	off	ADP	RP	_	45	compound:prt	_	_
47	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	48	cc	_	_
48	placed	place	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	45	conj	_	_
49	on	on	ADP	IN	_	51	case	_	_
50	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	51	det	_	_
51	pole	pole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	48	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
52	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the Tsar's daughter |  |  | Nicholas's death | now | in this kingdom; Nicholas *nmod:poss* | tree rules |
| 2 | **promise** *speech: promise* | past · perfect | the Tsar | any one |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent one=Theme |
| 3 | **cure** | should | any one | Tsar's half of man's reign and rule and realm |  |  |  |  | vn free-10.6.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer half=Source |
| 4 | **fail** | past | any one |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **have** | past | any one |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **cut off** | past | man's head |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 7 | **place** | participle | man's head *not said here* |  |  | a pole |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent on pole=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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