---
title: The soldier then thought of the old devil and of the undertaking he… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: The soldier then thought of the old devil and of the undertaking he had given him, and how it had run in the undertaking: “I shall serve you eternally as a faithful servant.” Who acts: soldier, undertaking. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 13, with its dependency 
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 13, sentence 44

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The soldier then thought of the old devil and of the undertaking he had given him, and how it had run in the undertaking: “I shall serve you eternally as a faithful servant.”

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**Who acts:** soldier, undertaking · **What happens:** think, give, run, serve · **To what, where:** soldier, understanding, undertaking, you · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 13. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (soldier, undertaking), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:13:44
# text = The soldier then thought of the old devil and of the undertaking he had given him, and how it had run in the undertaking: “I shall serve you eternally as a faithful servant.”
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	soldier	soldier	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
4	thought	think	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	devil	devil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	undertaking	undertaking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
13	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	acl	_	_
16	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	iobj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
19	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	22	advmod	_	_
20	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj:pass	_	_
21	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
22	run	run	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
23	in	in	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	undertaking	undertaking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	30	punct	_	_
27	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	30	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj	_	_
29	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	30	aux	_	_
30	serve	serve	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	_
31	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	30	obj	_	_
32	eternally	eternally	ADV	RB	_	36	advmod	_	_
33	as	as	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
34	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
35	faithful	faithful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	amod	_	_
36	servant	servant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	30	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	30	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **think** *speech: other* | past | the soldier |  |  |  | then | of the old devil and the undertaking | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **give** | past · perfect · passive | the undertaking *not said here* | soldier | understanding |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Recipient he=Theme |
| 3 | **run** | past · perfect · passive |  | undertaking |  | the undertaking |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: subject=Theme in undertaking=Trajectory |
| 4 | **serve** *in a quote* | shall | the soldier *= soldier* | you |  |  |  | as a faithful servant | vn spend\_time-104 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent you=Duration as servant=Attribute |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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