---
title: The princesses had to acknowledge their guilt, and the king bade the… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: The princesses had to acknowledge their guilt, and the king bade the entrance to the subterranean realm be slated up. Who acts: princesses. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 14, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 14, sentence 31

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The princesses had to acknowledge their guilt, and the king bade the entrance to the subterranean realm be slated up.

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**Who acts:** princesses · **What happens:** have, acknowledge, slate up · **To what, where:** guilt, king bade

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 14. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (princesses), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:14:31
# text = The princesses had to acknowledge their guilt, and the king bade the entrance to the subterranean realm be slated up.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	princesses	princess	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	acknowledge	acknowledge	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	guilt	guilt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	bade	bade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	entrance	entrance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	subterranean	subterranean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	realm	realm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
19	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	slated	slate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
21	up	up	ADP	RP	_	20	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the princesses |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **acknowledge** | to-infinitive | the princesses *not said here* | flowers's guilt |  |  |  |  | vn confess-37.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent guilt=Topic |
| 3 | **slate up** | infinitive · passive |  | the king bade |  |  |  | the entrance to the subterranean realm *nsubj:pass* | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: subject=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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