---
title: “Yes, fathers,” the widow said, “my little hut is very small, and th… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: “Yes, fathers,” the widow said, “my little hut is very small, and there is nowhere to lie down.” Who acts: widow, little hut. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 15, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 15, sentence 107

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“Yes, fathers,” the widow said, “my little hut is very small, and there is nowhere to lie down.”

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**Who acts:** widow, little hut · **What happens:** say, be, lie down · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (widow, little hut), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:15:107
# text = “Yes, fathers,” the widow said, “my little hut is very small, and there is nowhere to lie down.”
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	fathers	father	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	widow	widow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
11	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
13	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	hut	hut	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
15	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
16	very	very	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	21	expl	_	_
21	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
22	nowhere	nowhere	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	21	advmod	_	_
23	to	to	PART	TO	_	24	mark	_	_
24	lie	lie	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	advcl	_	_
25	down	down	ADP	RP	_	24	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the widow |  |  |  |  | fathers *ccomp* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** *in a quote* | present | my little hut |  |  |  |  | small *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** *in a quote* | present | the widow *not said here* |  |  | there |  | nowhere *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **lie down** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | the widow *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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